EXHIBIT 1
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                       DISCLAIMER OF BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP
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Each of the undersigned disclaims beneficial ownership of the securities
referred to in the Schedule 13G to which this exhibit is attached, and the
filing of this Schedule 13G shall not be construed as an admission that any of
the undersigned is, for the purpose of Section 13(d) or 13(g) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the beneficial owner of any securities
covered by this Schedule 13G.


Date: January 19, 2000





                      CITIGROUP INC.



                      By: /s/ Glenn S. Gray
                         --------------------------------------------
                         Name:   Glenn S. Gray
                         Title:  Assistant Secretary